Submersible Well Pump Not Working: Troubleshooting Guide

The Submersible Well Pump is a great device, but like all electronics, it sometimes has its issues. If your Submersible Well Pump is not working, take a look at this troubleshooting guide.

We’ve collected answers to the most frequent reasons you’ll see Submersible Well Pump not working and explained them in plain language for easy troubleshooting.

Quick Fix

To troubleshoot a Submersible Well Pump, check the power supply and circuit breaker, inspect the pump for blockages or damage, ensure the pressure switch is working, and test the pump’s voltage with a multimeter.

Pump Not Starting

When your submersible well pump fails to start, the first step is to check the power supply. Confirm it’s functioning correctly, as a faulty power supply can prevent the pump from starting.

Next, inspect the fuses and replace them if blown. A blown fuse can prevent the pump from receiving the necessary power to start.

Then, examine the cable for damage and replace it if necessary. A damaged cable can also prevent the pump from receiving the necessary power to start.

Additionally, check the stator windings for burnout, as burnt-out windings can prevent the pump from starting.

Finally, verify that the pump is properly installed and seated, as improper installation can prevent the pump from starting.

This systematic approach will help you identify and fix the issue efficiently.

Pump Starts but Stops

Your submersible well pump starting but then stopping indicates a different set of issues compared to a pump that won’t start at all.

This behavior often points to problems with the system’s ability to maintain pressure or control the flow of water.

Key issues to consider include:

• Faulty pressure switch: A malfunctioning pressure switch can signal the pump to turn off prematurely or not turn off at all, leading to frequent starts and stops.
• Check valve failure: A failed check valve allows water to flow back into the well, causing the pump to cycle on and off as it tries to maintain pressure.
• Low water levels or system leaks: Insufficient water in the well or leaks in the system can also cause the pump to start and stop repeatedly.

Low Pump Output

Low pump output in a submersible well pump system often stems from issues that can be identified and addressed through systematic troubleshooting.

First, check the impeller rotation direction to guarantee it’s correct, as incorrect rotation can significantly reduce pump output.

Next, inspect and replace worn-out wear parts, such as the impeller or diffuser, as they can decrease pump efficiency and output.

Examine the discharge pipework for leaks or cracks, which can reduce pump output by allowing water to escape.

Additionally, verify that the pump is submerged in sufficient water, as inadequate submergence can reduce pump output and increase energy consumption.

Finally, check the discharge head height, as a head that’s too high may require a larger pump to achieve the desired output.

Pump Noise and Vibration

When troubleshooting your submersible well pump for noise and vibration, you should first consider the possibility of impeller balance issues, which can cause uneven stress and wear on the pump’s components.

Motor bearing problems are another common culprit, often resulting from lack of lubrication, overloading, or misalignment.

Additionally, loose mounting hardware can also contribute to excessive noise and vibration, so it’s essential to inspect and tighten all fittings and mounts.

Impeller Balance Issues

Impeller imbalance is a vital issue that can significantly impact the performance and longevity of a submersible well pump.

If left unchecked, it can cause vibration and noise, leading to premature wear and potential failure. To address this, it’s essential to check the impeller balance during routine maintenance and troubleshooting.

Key factors to examine:

• Manufacturing defects: Irregularities in the manufacturing process can lead to uneven mass distribution.
• Wear and tear: Abrasive materials in the fluid can cause uneven wear on the impeller surface.
• Improper installation: Misalignment or bending of the shaft can disrupt the balance.

A properly balanced impeller can reduce vibration by up to 90%, increasing pump efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

Regular checks and corrective actions are vital to maintain peak performance and extend the pump’s lifespan.

Motor Bearing Problems

Motor bearing problems are another common source of pump noise and vibration in submersible well pumps.

You’ll notice these issues when the pump’s motor bearings start to fail, causing excessive vibration and noise. This is often due to overloading, excessive wear, or contamination of the lubricating fluid.

Misalignment between the pump and motor can also lead to motor bearing failure, causing the shaft to overheat and twist off in the journal area.

Regular lubrication with oil mist, specialty oils, or grease can help prevent these problems. Additionally, ensuring proper alignment and avoiding excessive side loading can extend the life of the motor bearings and prevent costly repairs.

Proper maintenance is key to preventing motor bearing problems in your submersible well pump.

Loose Mounting Hardware

Inspecting your submersible well pump’s mounting hardware is essential to prevent excessive vibration and premature wear.

Loose mounting hardware can cause the pump to vibrate excessively, leading to potential failure. Regular inspections and tightening of all mounting bolts and screws can help prevent these issues.

To guarantee your submersible well pump operates smoothly:

• Inspect and tighten mounting bolts and screws: Regularly check and tighten all mounting hardware to prevent loose connections.
• Use high-quality, corrosion-resistant mounting hardware: This can help extend the life of the pump and reduce maintenance needs.
• Check pump alignment and secure it to the well casing: Proper alignment and secure mounting are pivotal to preventing vibration and noise.

Power Supply Issues

When troubleshooting a submersible well pump, one of the critical steps is to identify and resolve power supply issues.

Start by checking the voltage at the pressure switch. Take the cover off and measure the voltage between the two screws for each leg. For a 2-wire pump, you should read 115v on each leg.

If the voltage is off, check the fuse box or breaker panel for blown fuses or tripped breakers. Also, verify the control box configuration to guarantee it’s correctly set up for your pump. Incorrect configurations can cause the motor to trip.

Additionally, certify the wire size is sufficient for the pump’s power requirements. Inadequate wire size can lead to power supply issues.

Addressing these potential problems can help you quickly identify and fix power supply issues.

Pressure Switch Problems

You’ll need to inspect your pressure switch to identify any issues that might be causing your submersible well pump to malfunction.

Common failure causes include corrosion, debris, faulty springs, bad wiring, and loose connections, which can prevent the pump from turning on or off properly.

To address these problems, you may need to repair or replace the pressure switch, a process that’s relatively quick and inexpensive, costing between $20 to $50 for parts.

Pressure Switch Inspection

Your well pump’s pressure switch is a critical component that controls the on/off cycling of the pump based on water pressure in the system.

To inspect it, you’ll need to locate the switch, usually found near the pressure tank.

• Visual Inspection: Look for signs of wear, deformation, or damage on the switch and its connections. Check for any blockages or sediment in the tube leading to the switch.
• Electrical Connections: Verify all electrical connections are secure and not corroded. Use a multimeter to test for continuity across the switch terminals.
• Pressure Settings: Confirm the switch’s pressure settings are correct and not causing the pump to malfunction. Check the switch’s set and reset points to guarantee they match the system’s requirements.

Common Failure Causes

Pressure switch problems are a common cause of submersible well pump failures.

You should inspect the pressure switch regularly to identify potential issues before they escalate into major problems. Worn-out or corroded contacts can lead to intermittent or complete failure of the pump.

Incorrect installation or wiring can also cause the pressure switch to malfunction, preventing the pump from receiving the correct signal to turn on or off.

Additionally, mineral buildup or debris can jam the pressure switch, while power surges or electrical spikes can damage it. Failing to replace a faulty pressure switch can lead to more costly repairs or even complete pump failure.

Verify you check the pressure switch and the check valve to maintain proper pump operation. Regular maintenance is vital to prevent these issues.

Repair and Replacement

Faulty pressure switches are a common culprit behind submersible well pump malfunctions.

If your pump won’t start or is malfunctioning, it’s worth checking the pressure switch. Replacing a faulty pressure switch can often resolve the issue.

When replacing the pressure switch, verify proper orientation and wiring to avoid further problems.

Some key points to ponder:

• Proper Installation: Verify the new switch is installed correctly, with all wires securely connected and labeled to avoid confusion.
• Temporary Fixes: Filing off burned or pitted contact surfaces can be a temporary fix, but replacing the switch is usually the best solution.
• Diagnosis: Banging on the tube below the switch to jar the electrical contacts can help diagnose a pressure switch problem. If the pump still won’t start after replacement, the pump controller may be the culprit.

Replacing the pressure switch can cost around $50-$100, depending on the type and quality of the switch. This is a relatively inexpensive fix compared to other well pump issues.

Control Panel Troubleshooting

When troubleshooting a submersible well pump, the control panel is a critical component to inspect.

You’ll need to check for any obvious signs of wear or damage, such as loose connections, burnt or melted components.

Start by verifying the voltage at the control panel to guarantee it’s within the motor’s rating.

Next, inspect the pressure switch, which is often connected to the control panel. Check for corrosion, debris, or faulty springs that could prevent the pump from turning on or off properly.

If you find any issues, you may need to replace the pressure switch or adjust its settings.

Certify all electrical connections are secure and not corroded.

If you’re unsure about any part of the process, it’s best to consult a professional for assistance.

Pump and Motor Inspection

Inspecting the pump and motor is a crucial step in troubleshooting a submersible well pump.

To guarantee the pump operates correctly, you need to check several critical components.

• Voltage Levels: Verify that the voltage levels are within the recommended range specified in the manufacturer’s manual to prevent motor damage or failure.
• Current Measurement: Measure the current on startup and during operation to diagnose issues with the motor, comparing the measured values to the expected values.
• Check Valve Inspection: Visually examine the check valve by pulling the submersible well pump and inspecting the valve to certify it’s functioning correctly and not causing issues with the pump’s performance.

Additionally, use a multi-meter to test the resistance between the legs of the pump motor, comparing the measured value to the expected value.

Inspect the pump’s electrical connections to guarantee they’re secure, watertight, and not damaged.

Additional Troubleshooting Steps

These steps help you pinpoint issues that might not be immediately apparent, ensuring a thorough troubleshooting process.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to Check if a Submersible Well Pump Is Bad?

To check if a submersible well pump is bad, you’ll need to inspect electrical connections, measure voltage at the pressure switch, check resistance between the legs, and test the pump’s current on startup and during operation.

How Do You Reset a Submersible Pump?

To reset a submersible pump, you’ll need to locate the pressure switch, move the reset lever to the start position, and hold it until the pressure gauge reads over 40 PSI, then return it to the auto position.

Why Is My Submersible Motor Not Pumping Water?

“When in doubt, check the basics.” Your submersible motor isn’t pumping water likely due to low water pressure, electrical issues like blown fuses or tripped breakers, or a faulty check valve causing a vacuum that hinders pumping.

What Is the Most Common Problem of a Water Pump?

The most common problem of a water pump is that it won’t start, often due to issues like blown fuses, tripped breakers, faulty pressure switches, or corroded pipes, which can also cause low water pressure.

Conclusion

Troubleshooting a submersible well pump can be a monumental task, but it’s not insurmountable. Start by checking the power supply, inspecting fuses, cables, and stator windings for damage. Verify proper installation and seating of the pump, and check for incorrect system configuration or installation. Inspect the impeller rotation direction, wear parts, and discharge pipework for leaks or cracks. By methodically addressing these areas, you’ll be well on your way to resolving even the most stubborn issues.